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The discovery of Chinese rock paintings is very early in classical literature. In the third century BC, Han Feizi, a work of the Warring States period, recorded the carving of footprints. By the 5th century, during the Northern Wei Dynasty, geographer Li Daoyuan's Notes on the Classic of Water was the earliest and most detailed record of rock paintings in ancient Chinese books. Before this, there were scattered records in the "Records of the Grand Historian" and some historical works and local records after this. It is understood that the rock paintings recorded in the "Water book Notes" are painted and engraved, and the subject matter is quite wide. Animal rock carvings and hoof print rock carvings in Helan Mountain of Ningxia and Wolf Mountain area in the western part of Yinshan Mountain of Inner Mongolia are recorded in this area, which is one of the most concentrated areas in China. In recent years, Yinshan rock paintings recorded in Shui Jing Notes have been discovered in large numbers, all of which benefit from the clues and inspiration provided by this work. Helan Mountain rock paintings are an important representative of early Chinese rock paintings. Previously, most experts believed that Chinese rock paintings were basically produced in the Neolithic Age, about 6,000 to 4,000 years ago. The remains of Quaternary glaciers were found in the Helan Mountain rock painting area, and the rock paintings obviously broke the relationship, which can confirm that the rock paintings are in the front, and the glaciers are in the back. In other words, the age of early Chinese rock paintings can be pushed back to at least 40,000 to 30,000 to 17,000 years. In 2003, when Zhou Kunshu, a famous glacier geologist, visited and investigated the rock paintings in Helan Estuary, he accidentally found a number of glacier scratches in the rock paintings in Helan Estuary. These glacial scratches are parallel lines in the same direction on the smooth surface of the rock. According to geologists, it was formed by the slow movement of the glacier as it advanced along the valley. Among them, on a rock painting engraved with human faces, there are obvious scratches interwoven with the rock painting picture. From the point of view of color, the scratches and rock painting nicks are black and brown. Experts believe that in the interglacial period before the last glacial period of the Quaternary, ancient ancestors had already made rock paintings, and after the ice age, ancient humans inherited the tradition of making rock paintings and continued the life of rock paintings. Li said that the glacial scratches proved that the early age of the Helan Mountain rock paintings was at least 40,000 to 30,000 to 17,000 years, which is exactly equivalent to the Orienian, Thotrean and Magdalene periods of European rock paintings. It can be seen from this that the early human civilization and the beginning of human art were roughly the contents of rock paintings that started at the same time around the world: animals and hoof prints
