If you find an unresponsive child who is not breathing normally, it's crucial to act quickly and follow these steps:
1. **Ensure Safety:**
- Before approaching the child, ensure your safety and the safety of the surroundings. Look for any potential hazards or dangers.
2. **Check Responsiveness:**
- Gently tap the child and shout loudly to check for responsiveness. If there is no response, the child is unresponsive.
3. **Call for Help:**
- If you are alone, or there is no one else around, call emergency services (911 in the United States) immediately. If there is someone nearby, ask them to call for help while you begin first aid.
4. **Begin CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation):**
- Start chest compressions. Place the child on a firm surface.
- For infants (up to age 1): Use two fingers to compress the chest about 1.5 inches deep at a rate of at least 100-120 compressions per minute.
- For children (ages 1 to puberty): Use the heel of one or two hands to compress the chest about 2 inches deep at the same rate.
- After 30 compressions, give rescue breaths. Tilt the child's head back slightly, open the airway, and give two rescue breaths. Make sure the chest rises with each breath.
5. **Continue CPR:**
- Continue with cycles of 30 chest compressions and 2 rescue breaths until emergency help arrives or the child starts breathing on their own.
6. **Use an Automated External Defibrillator (AED), if Available:**
- If an AED is nearby, follow the instructions on the device. Attach the pads and follow the prompts for delivering a shock if advised.
Remember, performing CPR and seeking emergency medical help promptly are critical in the event of an unresponsive child not breathing normally. It is essential to stay calm and act decisively. If you are not trained in CPR, provide hands-only CPR (chest compressions) until professional help arrives. Taking a CPR course can equip you with the necessary skills and knowledge to respond effectively in emergency situations.
