In the Two Treatises of Government (1689), The French philosopher John Locke claimed that men were by nature free and equal, but with the purpose to interact in a healthy society, they needed to transfer some of their rights to a government in a "Social Contract". Under that contract, the government had to be elected by the people and had to protect people's natural rights to life, liberty, and property, and, whenever the government failed to do so, people had the authority to abolish it and replace it.
These ideas highly influenced the Declaration of Independence, in which the Thirteen American Colonies unanimously declared independence from Britain for its tyrannical rule. The colonists used Locke's ideas in the Preamble of the document to denounce the British crown for violating the social contract:
We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.--That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, --That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government.
Thomas Jefferson use John Locke's social contract ideas in the preamble of the declaration by stating that the people have "unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness."
Hence, in this case, the correct answer is "unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness."
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