About 99% of the freshwater on Earth is found in ice sheets, which are also known as continental glaciers. Ice sheets transform into ice shelves as they reach the shore and cross the ocean.
The term "ice cap" refers to a mass of glacial ice that is smaller than an ice sheet. An ice field is a collection of linked ice caps. A glacier will start to flow outward and downward under the weight of itself and the effects of gravity. In addition to the outward movement of continental ice sheets, valley glaciers also flow down valleys. The so-called "rivers of ice" that are glaciers actually move.
As it creeps down the valley, glacier molds both the land and itself to the terrain.
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