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A shield volcano is a broad volcano with sloping sides that is formed mainly out of runny lava that flows out of its central summit vent. forms when a crack on the surface of the Earth begins erupting thin layers of basalt lava.
Over a long period, the thin layers of lava erupted from the volcano's vent creating a shield-shaped volcano. Shield volcanoes have gently sloping sides. They are built by repeated eruptions that occurred intermittently over vast periods these volcanoes consist largely of thin lava flows, with minor pyroclastic (mainly ash) layers. Their subaerial (above sea-level) slopes are mostly 4-8 degrees.
The basaltic lava that flows out of a shield volcano gives the shield volcano a different shape as compared to other volcanoes. The basaltic lava of a shield volcano is of low viscosity that can quickly flow and cover large areas. The lava from each shield volcano eruption eventually hardens, and the next eruption flows over and hardens on top of the previous one. Over time, the multiple eruptions of shield volcanoes build up, one on top of the other, giving rise to a shield volcano.
No layers, as the volcano just consists of lava. Less violent eruptions. Shorter periods between eruptions. This process creates a gradual increase in elevation over time, building up the shield volcano’s size
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