Answer
The functional groups that are present in the given molecules are:
(1ai) -OH and C=C functional groups.
Hydroxyl and carbon-carbon double bonds functional groups
(1aii) -NH, -C=O, and Phenyl group
Amine, carbonyl, and phenyl (benzene ring) functional group.
(1aiii) -C=O and carbon-carbon triple bonds functional groups.
(1aiv) -NH₂ and C=O functional groups.
(1b) The name for each of the compounds is:
I is Heptane
II is 2, 2-dimethylpentane
III is 2-methylhexane
The order of decreasing boiling point of the compounds is: I > III > II
The boiling point of a straight-chain alkane is higher than that of a branched-chain alkane having same number of carbon atoms. Thus, the branched-chain compounds have lower boiling points than the corresponding straight-chain isomers.
Therefore, I (heptane) which is a straight-chain will have the highest boiling point, followed by III (2-methylhexane), and III (2, 2-dimethylpentane) will have the least boiling point because is the most branched-chain.
