Given data
[tex]\alpha\text{ = 0.1}[/tex]Given claim: proportional difference from 57%
[tex]\begin{gathered} P_o\text{ = 57\% = 0.57} \\ \\ 1-p_o\text{ = }1\text{ - 0.57 = 0.43} \end{gathered}[/tex]Thus,
[tex]\begin{gathered} np_0(1-p_0)=850\times0.57\times0.43=208.3 \\ \text{Hence, } \\ 208.3>10 \end{gathered}[/tex]The sample size n is the number of parents surveyed from the entire population
[tex]\begin{gathered} n=850 \\ 5\text{ \% of the population }\Rightarrow\frac{5}{100}\times850=0.05\times850=42.5 \\ \text{Hence, the sample size > 5 \% of the population size} \end{gathered}[/tex]Since the sample size is greater than 5% of the population, it can be reasonably assumed to be random.
The requirements for testing the hypothesis are satisfied.