The answer is Estate satire and frame story.
Chaucer uses the ESTATE's satire that was popular at the time to highlight the characteristics of the various social groups and describe the individual characters in the "General Prologue" to the Canterbury Tales. The tales that the characters choose to tell reflect their true selves. Three medieval estates make up the Estates Satire. It includes the Nobility (those who fought), and the Clergy (those who pray) and the peasantry (those who labored).
To keep the story cohesive, he employs the FRAME story technique. Here, the narration is provided in a frame story, a literary device. A frame story is an additional narrative.
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