Mendelian inheritance involves one gene expressing complete dominance. The non-mendelian inheritance includes many genes interacting. Complete heterochromia is determined by polygenic inheritance.
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Mendelian Inheritance pattern - Complete dominance
- Traits that are inherited by the Mendelian pattern, express complete dominance and are coded by a single gene.
- This single gene can be diallelic or triallelic or have more alternative forms. Let us think about a diallelic gene.
- When the dominant allele completely masks the expresion of the recessive allele, we talk about complete dominance.
- This is the case of individuals that are heter0zyg0us for a particular gene and express the dominant trait.
Non-Mendelian inheritance pattern
- Inheritance modes that do not follow the complete dominance pattern.
- These are incomplete dominance, codominance, pleiotropy, epistasis, polygenic inheritance, sex linkage, gene linkage.
- Traits might be coded by more than one gene, that can interact in varying manners to express the phenotype.
- Complete heterochromia refers to a mutation in which one eye expresses one color, while the other one expresses another color.
- Eye color follows a polygenic inheritance -non-mendelian pattern-.
Polygenic inheritance
- When the expression of a phenotype depends on the additive effect of a series of genes, we talk about quantitative heritability.
- When two or more genes interact with each other, resulting in the expression of a trait, we talk about Polygenic heritability.
- Depending on how genes and alleles interact, there can be many different combinations that produce genotypic graduation.
- Quantitative traits are those that can be measured, such as longitude, weight, eggs laid per female, among others.
- These characters do not group individuals by any precise and clear categories. Instead, they group individuals in many different categories that depend on how the genes were intercrossed and distributed during meiosis.
- The result depends on the magnitude in which each allele contributes to the final phenotype and genotype.
- When they interact, they create a gradation in phenotypes, according to the level of contribution.
So, the Mendelian pattern expresses complete dominance.
Complete heterochromia follows a non-mendelian inheritance pattern, being expressed by Polygenic inheritance.
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