The map represents the placement of nuclear weapons installations in Cuba as the Soviet action.
The Cuba revolution was initiated when Fidel Castro defeated Fulgencio Batista in the year 1959. This lead Cuba to get assistance from Soviet Unions in terms of finance and military power.
The Cuba missile crisis happened in 1962 when the Soviets installed nuclear missiles there that increases the tense situation in the US and other small nations.
Therefore, the cold war situation is created between two superpowers that are the US and the Soviet Union.
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