The problem: X is a binomial random variable, find E[1X+1]E[1X+1] n and p are not given PDF for a binomial distribution is (nk)pk(1−p)n−k(nk)pk(1−p)n−k Expected value is ∑xip(xi)∑xip(xi) But this is where I get stuck, I'm really rusty on my statistics and I'm not sure exactly how to structure it in the next step? I think I want to get the form of the following out of the summation ∑nk=0(nk)pk(1−p)n−k=(p+1−p)n=1∑nk=0(nk)pk(1−p)n−k=(p+1−p)n=1 But I'm not sure if it should look like ∑1xp(x)+1∑1xp(x)+1 and if it should where to go from here?